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Photo of the Mexican Sierra Madre where JLN has discovered trout populations without any heavy-strand mitochondria promoter necessitating an extremely unique form of bi-directional mtDNA replication mechanism never previously reported in teleost fishes.

Freshwater trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss spp.) of the Sierra Madre Occidental - a molecular analysis of trout populations found in high elevation streams in the northern Mexican desert regions of Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, and Durango in Mexico. Preliminary results indicate at least three undescribed subspecies of trout inhabit this remote area of Mexico.

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) genetics - molecular separation and population structure in the four temporal spawning runs (winter, fall, late-fall and spring) of anadromous chinook from the Central Valley, California using microsatellites and mtDNA.

JLN, Theo Light and Derrick Williams collect chinook smolts in the Russian River estuary in central California.

Lahontan (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi), Westslope (O. c. lewisi) and Paiute (O.c. seleniris) cutthroat trout genetics. Subspecies identifications made using microsatellite loci and patterns of genetic introgression by introduced rainbow trout in the Southwest Great Basin.

Trout egg sorting for shipment from a turn of the century fish hatchery. Photo from the U. S. Fisheries Commission Bulletin 1907.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in their freshwater life history form. Freshwater rainbow trout from California were distributed throughout the world at the turn of the 20th century following successful hatchery production of fertile trout eggs at Baird Station on the McCloud River. California trout eggs were shipped throughout the world in railroad cars and steam-ship holds packed with ice. Today there are self-sustaining rainbow trout populations derived from these fish on every continent with the notable exception of Antarctica.